According to Vitruvius, a new crown in the shape of a laurel wreath had been made for King Hiero II, and Archimedes was asked to determine whether it was of solid gold, or whether silver had been added by a dishonest goldsmith.^[11] Archimedes had to solve the problem without damaging the crown, so he could not melt it down in order to measure its density as a cube, which would have been the simplest solution.

While taking a bath, he noticed that the level of the water rose as he got in. He realized that this effect could be used to determine the volume of the crown, and therefore its density after weighing it. The density of the crown would be lower if cheaper and less dense metals had been added. He then took to the streets naked, so excited by his discovery that he had forgotten to dress, crying “Eureka!” “I have found it!” (Greek: “εύρηκα!”)^[12]

The story about the golden crown does not appear in the known works of Archimedes, but in his treatise On Floating Bodies he gives the principle known in hydrostatics as Archimedes’ Principle. This states that a body immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.^[13]

Berkun says we tend to mythologize geniuses because we need the story, and he references Joseph Campbell’s myth of the hero. Most of these stories turn out to be factually false. Geniuses don’t just pull ideas out of the sky with mere luck. They spend their lifetimes reflecting and thinking and pondering about these topics. Whether they do it in a bath tub or while eating in an apple orchard, the brilliance doesn’t come from chance. It is the result of a life immersed in thought and experiment.

Recommended Scott Berkun Podcasts

Check out these podcasts on Berkun’s site:

• The engaging brand, with Anna Farmery (40 minutes, in two 20 minute mp3 segments)
• Interview w/ Matt Mullenweg, founder of WordPress.com, about Myths of Innovation (15 minute mp3).
• IT Conversations about Myths of Innovation and software development (60 minute mp3)
• What to do when things go wrong, at BayCHI, San Jose CA. 90 minute mp3
• Digital web magazine, 5 questions w/Scott Berkun

Show me a genius and I’ll show you a workaholic. Van Gogh produced 2000 works of art between 1880 and 1890 (1100 paintings and 900 sketches). That’s 4 works of art a week for a decade, and he didn’t start making art until his mid twenties. DaVinci’s famous journals represent decades of note taking, doodling and observations, and it’s a good guess that work was the center of his life: no spouses or children are mentioned in any of our records of him (though he likely had lovers in his studio). Picasso made over 12,000 works of art (“Give me a museum and I’ll fill it” he said, and he was right) in his lifetime, including sculptures, paintings and other mediums. Shakespeare wrote more than 40 plays, not to mention dozens of sonnets, poems and of course, grocery lists. These are people who practiced their crafts daily and sacrificed many other ordinary pleasures in life to make their work possible. Every math or music prodigy practiced to produce the work they are famous for (See the ten year rule).

(This is an essay that Scott mentioned in his post here.)